记录一下坑爹的Nextcloud安装教程
NextCloud知名的开源网盘，直接全平台客户端，支持访问文件修改历史，支持分享和限时分享，支持外部磁盘，支持对接其他网盘，支持生产环境，支持在线预览和编辑，支持本地文件加密（服务器都不能访问查看那种），支持热更新。又折腾了几天，尽可能把NextCloud优化到高效可用的状态，查阅了不少文章教程，也碰了不少坑。为了节约性能，这里使用Docker+NextcloudFPM版本来搭建，本地NGINX来做代理，实现高效访问。
版本介绍：
- nextcloud:latest：默认最新版本，新手友好。使用debian容器搭建，自带阿帕奇web服务，特点就是简单方便，一键部署就可以使用，缺点就是包略大。
- nextcloud:fpm：在debian容器的基础上不带阿帕奇web服务，需要配套web程序才能使用，如NGINX。
- nextcloud:alpine：使用alpine作为容器，空间占据少，适合小主机使用。
简易版，一键部署
一键Docker部署Nextcloud，容器自带阿帕奇，直接访问ip就可以使用
docker run -d \
--name=nextcloud \
-p 8080:80 \
-v /DISK/nextcloud:/var/www/html \
nextcloud:latest部署完成之后直接访问ip：8080，优化部分看后面
FPM-alpine版本
在alpine容器的基础上不自带阿帕奇WEB服务，适合小主机使用
docker run -d \
--name=nextcloud \
-p 9000:9000 \
-v /DISK/nextcloud:/var/www/html \
nextcloud:fpm-alpine部署完成之后需要配置NGINX文件，这的是坑爹的地方。
安装NGINX服务程序
# debian
apt install nginx -y
# centos
dnf install nginx -y编辑配置文件
Nextcloud部署之后，通过编辑配置文件使网页版可用
在/etc/nginx/conf.d新建配置文件nextcloud.conf
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000; # 指定FPM服务端口
#server unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
# Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
"" "";
default "immutable";
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name nextcloud.pro; # 定义域名
# Enforce HTTPS
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name nextcloud.pro; # 定义域名
root /DISK/nextcloud; # Docker映射出来的容器地址
# SSL文件
ssl_certificate "/SSL/nextcloud/fullchain.pem";
ssl_certificate_key "/SSL/nextcloud/privkey.pem";
# 避免后台检查显示：HTTP的请求头 "Strict-Transport-Security" 未设置为至少 "15552000" 秒. 为了提高安全性，建议参照security tips ↗中的说明启用HSTS.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000";
client_max_body_size 512M;
client_body_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# 避免在网页安装Nextcloud等待时间过长而显示504错误
fastcgi_read_timeout 86400;
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_min_length 256;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
# 避免后台检查显示：
# 项目您的网页服务器未正确设置以解析“/.well-known/caldav”。更多信息请参见文档。
# 您的网页服务器未正确设置以解析“/.well-known/carddav”。更多信息请参见文档。
location = / {
if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
}
rewrite /.well-known/carddav /remote.php/dav permanent;
rewrite /.well-known/caldav /remote.php/dav permanent;
}
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# for `/.well-known`.
location ^~ /.well-known {
# The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
# in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
location = /.well-known/caldav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
location /.well-known/acme-challenge { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
location /.well-known/pki-validation { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
rewrite /.well-known/carddav /remote.php/dav permanent;
rewrite /.well-known/caldav /remote.php/dav permanent;
# Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
# requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/) { return 404; }
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) { return 404; }
location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
# Required for legacy support
rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
include fastcgi_params;
# 这里注意了，如果是使用DockerFPM来部署，这里需要修如下
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true; # Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true; # Enable pretty urls
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
rewrite /.well-known/carddav /remote.php/dav permanent;
rewrite /.well-known/caldav /remote.php/dav permanent;
}
location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|jpg|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite|map)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463, $asset_immutable";
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
location ~ \.wasm$ {
default_type application/wasm;
}
}
location ~ \.woff2?$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
expires 7d; # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
}
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
location /remote {
return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
}
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
rewrite /.well-known/carddav /remote.php/dav permanent;
rewrite /.well-known/caldav /remote.php/dav permanent;
}
}重新加载服务
加载成功后，访问域名开始安装使用
nginx -s reload